Swap body containers (also called “swap bodies”) are a specialized type of intermodal freight container used primarily in European road-rail transport. They differ from standard ISO containers in their design and handling characteristics.

• Lighter construction than ISO containers
• Foldable legs for ground support
• Standard widths of 2.55m (wider than ISO containers)
• Common lengths of 7.15m, 7.45m, 7.82m, and 13.6m

The construction of a swapbody container is optimized for lightweight efficiency and multi-modal transport, with a focus on durability and quick interchangeability. Its structure typically consists of the following key components:

1.Chassis and Base Frame

Primary frame made of high-strength steel (e.g., S355J2+N) or aluminum alloys to balance rigidity and weight. Aluminum is often used in premium models to reduce weight by 20–30% compared to steel.

Rectangular tubular frame forming the base, with cross-members spaced to support palletized loads (e.g., 80×120 cm pallets).

Integrated lifting points (four corners) compatible with crane spreaders for vertical loading.

Sliding rails or guide channels for horizontal loading systems (e.g., in rail-road interchange).

2.Side Walls and End Walls

Rigid Side Walls：Constructed from corrugated steel, aluminum sheets, or composite panels (e.g., fiberglass-reinforced plastic) for durability.

Thickness typically 2–3 mm, with insulation layers in refrigerated swapbodies (e.g., PU foam, 50–100 mm thick).

Tarpaulin or PVC-coated polyester fabric stretched over a steel or aluminum frame, used in open-top or curtain-sided models.

Lightweight but less secure; suitable for non-fragile goods.

Rigid panels with reinforced corners to withstand stacking pressure (if stackable) and impact during transport.

3.Roof Structure

Closed Roof：

Rigid panel (steel/aluminum) with water-tight seals, often used in dry freight or refrigerated swapbodies.May include skylights or ventilation hatches for air circulation.

Open Roof：

Tarpaulin or removable panels, allowing overhead loading of tall cargo (e.g., machinery, bulk materials).

4.Flooring System

Plywood (e.g., marine-grade birch, 25–30 mm thick) or aluminum composite panels, reinforced with steel cross-members.

Load capacity typically 20–25 tons, with anti-slip coatings to secure palletized goods.

Specialized Floors：

Refrigerated swapbodies may have insulated floors with drainage channels to prevent condensation buildup.

5.Doors and Access Points

Double swing doors (steel or aluminum) with compression latches and seals for weather resistance.

Sizes often match pallet dimensions (e.g., 2.4 m wide × 2.5 m high) for easy forklift access.

Sliding curtains, roll-up doors, or hinged panels in curtain-sided models for lateral loading.

Several companies for swap body container services across Europe:

Krone – One of the largest manufacturers and service providers

Schmitz Cargobull – Major trailer and swap body producer

Cargobeamer – Specialized in intermodal swap body transport

HUPAC – Leading intermodal operator using swap bodies